chore: Bump version to 0.24.0

Updated all component versions:
- bd CLI: 0.23.1 → 0.24.0
- Plugin: 0.23.1 → 0.24.0
- MCP server: 0.23.1 → 0.24.0
- npm package: 0.23.1 → 0.24.0
- Documentation: 0.23.1 → 0.24.0

Added comprehensive CHANGELOG.md entry for 0.24.0 with 179 commits:
- Critical bug fixes (auto-import resurrection, sync conflicts, resource leaks)
- Performance improvements (GetReadyWork optimization, N+1 query elimination)
- New features (bd doctor --fix, bd clean, auto-detection)
- Enhanced AI agent support (context propagation, error handling)
- Cross-platform improvements (Windows, macOS stability)

.claude-plugin/marketplace.json

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
       "name": "beads",
       "source": "./",
       "description": "AI-supervised issue tracker for coding workflows",
-      "version": "0.23.1"
+      "version": "0.24.0"
     }
   ]
 }