feat: add gate issue type and CLI commands for async coordination (bd-udsi)

Add async gates - coordination primitives for agents to wait on external events
like CI completion, PR merges, timers, or human approval.

Changes:
- Add 'gate' issue type to types.go with gate-specific fields:
  - AwaitType: condition type (gh:run, gh:pr, timer, human, mail)
  - AwaitID: condition identifier
  - Timeout: max wait duration
  - Waiters: mail addresses to notify when gate clears
- Add SQLite migration 027_gate_columns for new fields
- Update all SQLite storage queries to handle gate fields
- Add bd gate commands: create, show, list, close, wait
- All commands support --json output and --no-daemon mode

Closes: bd-2v0f, bd-lz49, bd-u66e

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

internal/storage/sqlite/migrations_test.go

@@ -491,9 +491,13 @@ func TestMigrateContentHashColumn(t *testing.T) {
 				relates_to TEXT DEFAULT '',
 				duplicate_of TEXT DEFAULT '',
 				superseded_by TEXT DEFAULT '',
+				await_type TEXT DEFAULT '',
+				await_id TEXT DEFAULT '',
+				timeout_ns INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+				waiters TEXT DEFAULT '',
 				CHECK ((status = 'closed') = (closed_at IS NOT NULL))
 			);
-			INSERT INTO issues SELECT id, title, description, design, acceptance_criteria, notes, status, priority, issue_type, assignee, estimated_minutes, created_at, updated_at, closed_at, external_ref, compaction_level, compacted_at, original_size, compacted_at_commit, source_repo, '', NULL, '', '', '', '', 0, 0, 0, '', '', '', '' FROM issues_backup;
+			INSERT INTO issues SELECT id, title, description, design, acceptance_criteria, notes, status, priority, issue_type, assignee, estimated_minutes, created_at, updated_at, closed_at, external_ref, compaction_level, compacted_at, original_size, compacted_at_commit, source_repo, '', NULL, '', '', '', '', 0, 0, 0, '', '', '', '', '', '', 0, '' FROM issues_backup;
 			DROP TABLE issues_backup;
 		`)
 		if err != nil {